统筹城乡的公共财政政策和公共产品研究

城乡统筹建设需要大量公共产品的支撑。历史上，农村公共产品主要由农民筹资出力提供，现实中，公共产品的城乡差别十分突出。造成这一结果的主要原因在于政府财政长期的工业化、城市化倾向，对农村投入缺乏必要的法律保障，公共财政农村投入资金的失效，县级财政的吃紧以及公共财政转化成公共产品的不科学决策机制等。为使农村获得足量、优质公共产品，政府必须树立给予农民“国民待遇”意识，以城乡一体化为导向构建公共财政政策，同时，应从人大立法、“阳光财政”、财政义务分配、决策机制转变等方面多管齐下，为农村提供足量、优质公共产品。

Adjusting the Public Property Policy,Supplying Enough Good and Good Public Products for the Countryside

Coordinating and balancing urban-rural development needs large amount of public products.In history,the public products in rural areas are mainly provided by peasants' financing output power;the reality is that the difference between town and countryside of public products is very projecting.The main cause of this result lies in the inclination of the long-term industrialization and urbanization of the government finance,the shortage of the necessary law guarantee,the invalidity of public property throwing into rural area,the tense county finance and the unscientific decision-making mechanism of public property changing into the public products.In order to make rural area gain enough amounts and high quality public products,the government should build up the idea of citizen for farmers,balance the finance policy,legislate,be transparent of finance and share duty of finance,and make decision reasonably.