论恶意转发网络虚假信息的司法认定

刑法在治理网络虚假信息时,过多注重打击直接发布行为,却懈怠了对恶意转发行为的治理.而此种懈怠与治理虚假信息的初衷背道而驰,因为恶意转发网络虚假信息的规范本质,即是故意发布网络虚假信息.实践中之所以放松对恶意转发行为的打击,是因为"恶意转发"缺乏明确的认定标准.化解这一难题,应以转发内容、转发动机为要素,推定行为人是否存在"恶意".同时,以唯一关联标准和反证规则来限制推定,以实现司法认定的正义性要求.

Judicial determination of malicious forwarding cyber false information

When Criminal Law manages cyber false information, too much is focused on combating direct publishing behaviors, but slacking off in the management of malicious forwarding behaviors. And such slacking is contrary to the original intention of dealing with false information, because the nature of cyber malicious information forwarding is deliberately publishing cyber false information. The loosening of attacking on malicious forwarding behaviors reasons in the lack of clear standards for the identification of "malicious forwarding". To solve this problem, we should consider the content forwarded and the motive of the forwarding behavior as factors, to presume whether the perpetrators are "malicious". At the same time, in order to achieve the justice of judicial determination, we should use the only association standard and anti-evidence rule to limit the presumption.