中国农业劳动力转移与农业劳动生产率趋同的实证分析

20世纪90年代以来,中国农业劳动生产率不仅发生了显著的趋同现象,而且已处于向稳态转型的最后阶段;这种趋同是农业产出增长率的变化和因农业劳动力转移而引起的农业就业增长率的变化的相互作用的结果,而且后者的贡献更大;如果仅凭经济系统的自我发展机制,我国区域农业劳动生产率差距终将不会自动消失。必须通过加大投资、进行制度创新、发展乡镇企业和第三产业等措施来人为地缩小区域农业劳动生产率差距,以协调区域经济发展。

A Case Study on the Agricultural Labor Transference and Convergence of the Agricultural Labor Productivity in China

The authors try to show through a case study that since 1990s, China's agricultural labor productivity not only has had distinct convergence phenomenon, but also has been in the ultimate phase of its transiting to steady-state; both the change in agricultural output's growth rate and the change in agricultural employment's growth rate which is brought out mainly by agricultural labor transference during these years contribute to the agricultural labor productivity convergence, and the latter one contributes more ;the gap of regional agricultural labor productivity in China will not vanish automatically if we let it be so. Finally the authors point out that, in order to coordinate regional economic development, we must take measures such as increasing investment, carrying through institutional innovation, developing rural industry and the tertiary industry to lessen the gap of regional labor productivity artificially.