浅析提高文化软实力的途径与意义——对葛兰西、哈贝马斯、阿尔都塞相关理论的借鉴

党的十七大提出了提高文化软实力的任务，如何提高，从何处着手仍是有待解决的问题。西方马克思主义学者，如葛兰西、哈贝马斯、阿尔都塞对文化的作用都特别重视，但各自的侧重点不同。葛兰西特别强调“文化霸权”，哈贝马斯强调公共领域对文化影响力的重要意义，阿尔都塞则提出了意识形态国家机器的概念，强调教育的重要作用。从中我们可以得到关于文化建设的有益启示。文化建设意在提高文化软实力，而文化软实力提高的重要意义在于能够促进社会主义民主的发展。

On the Approaches and Significance of Improving Cultrual Soft Power——Reference to Gramsci, Habermas and Althusser's related theories

The task of improving cultural soft power is advanced in the 17th National Congress of CPC, but how to improve and where the starting point lays still remain unsolved problems. Marxists in the West like Gramsci,Habermas and Althusser attach great importance to the function of culture,yet they have different focuses. Gramsci lays stress on ＂cultural hegemony＂, Habermas on importance of the public world to the influencial power of culture,and Ahhusser puts forward the concept of ideological state machine, stressing the importance of education. From their ideas we can find beneficial enlightenment on cultural building, that is, the cultural building aims to improve cultural soft power, and the importance of the improvement of cultural soft power lies in its capacity of improving the development of socialist democracy.