元谋干热河谷退化坡地立体种养生态农业模式建设

根据元谋干热河谷生态环境脆弱、水分短缺、干热资源充足等特点,按照生态学、生态经济学、系统科学的原理设计规划干热河谷退化坡地立体种养复合生态农业模式,即“乔 灌 草 羊 沼气 蚯蚓 鸡”模式。经多年实践证明,所建的典型优化模式综合效益明显,其中:系统净产值为4.22万元/a.hm2,成本产值率164%,能量转化率为960%,饲料转化率为264.92%,土壤理化形状明显改善,土壤蓄水量增加106 t/hm2,使系统得以可持续发展,该模式在干热河谷有广泛的推广前景。

CONSTRUCTION OF AN ECO-AGRICULTURAL MODEL OF STEREOSCOPIC PLANTATION AND BREEDING ON THE DEGRADED SLOPING LAND IN THE ARID HOT VALLEY OF YUANMOU

The arid hot valleys in Yuanmou county,Yunnan is characterized by a fragile ecological environment and water shortage but abundant light and heat resources.An eco-agricultural model of stereoscopic plantation and breeding was designed based on the principles of ecology,ecological economics and system science,which integrates "arbor bush grass goat biogas earthworm chicken" into one comprehensive eco-agricultural system.In years' practice this system has yielded significant benefits,with a net production value of 44,220 yuan/a.ha,a cost-output ratio of 164%,an energy conversion rate of 960%,a forage conversion rate of 264.92% and an increase in soil water content by 106 t/ha,thus making the development of the system more sustainable.