湿地生态旅游管理评价指标体系构建——以云南4个高原国际重要湿地为例

选择云南碧塔海、纳帕海、拉市海和大山包4个高原国际重要湿地为研究对象，遵循科学性、客观性、综合性、普适性、可操作性和稳定性、定量与定性相结合的原则，采用逻辑框架法，初步构建云南湿地生态旅游管理评价体系，共分3级指标，其中1级指标3个，2级指标7个，3级指标53个。通过文献资料收集和整理，在4个高原国际重要湿地进行实地调查和验证及专家咨询，将初步拟定的指标在4个高原国际重要湿地作尝试性应用。一方面删除数据收集困难、可行性差或者与生态旅游管理相关性不密切的指标；另一方面为避免加权，将含义相似的指标归类，整合或换用新的术语定义。最终形成同一评价体系的2个比选方案，其中方案1包含指标12项，方案2包含指标21项。

Evaluation Index System of Wetland Ecotourism Management: Taking Four International Plateau Wetlands in Yunnan Province for Examples

Four important international plateau wetlands, Bitahai, Napahai, Lashihai and Dashanbao in Yunnan province are study objects in this paper. Following principles of science, objectivity, comprehensive, general adaptability, maneuverability and stability, as well as quantity combined with quality, a logic framework is adopted to establish a primary evaluation system of ecotourism management on international plateau wetlands in Yunnan province. The evaluation system includes three classes. There are three indexes in first class, seven indexes in second class and fifty-three indexes in third class. These selected indexes were experimentally applied in the four wetlands through collecting and sorting references and local materials, inspecting and examining the four wetlands, and consulting with experts. In accord with principles of universality and maneuverability, the indexes were filtered and adjusted again. Some indexes are deleted because of difficult collection, less feasibility and non-relate with ecotourism management. To avoid weighted, some indexes with like meaning are categorized, integrated or changed to use new nomenclatures for definition. Finally, two compared projects are formed for the same evaluation index system. Project 1 includes twelve indexes, project 2 includes 21 indexes.