浅谈中国古典诗歌中的虚实妙用

“虚实”说是中国古代文论中的一项重要内容，作为一种美学理论，“虚实”说根植于老子的哲学思想；作为一种艺术表现技巧，“虚实”说对我国古典诗歌的创作起着积极的作用。中国古典诗歌非常讲究“虚”与“实”的妙用，以实写虚，虚出灵韵；化虚为实，实中见虚；虚实相生，境界全出，这是中国古代诗人所追求的虚实结合的三种常见形式。

Artistic Use of Xu and Shi in Chinese Classical Poetry

The theory of xu （the unreal） and shi （the real） was an important part of ancient Chinese literary theories. As an aesthetic theory, it stems from the philosophical ideas of Lao Zi, and as a skill of artistic expression, it plays an active role in promoting the writing of ancient Chinese poetry. In ancient Chinese poetry, great emphasis is laid upon the artistic use of xu and shi, highlighting the unreal by the depiction of the real or vice versa, or sometimes combining the two into an organic whole. These are the three kinds of artistic realms adorned by the ancient Chinese poets.