《红楼梦》与外国文学关系研究——兼论后现代之后的文学思潮流向

后现代主义在解构之后,一直未能提出一种新的、可供选择的文论构想,已经限制了当代文学的发展。要拯救和恢复文学对于情感和精神的意义,即文学真正属于人类的意义,必须重建个人经验的历史语境。《红楼梦》不仅具备反高潮的死亡叙事、边缘美学、异色美学、语言实验等典型的后现代小说叙事模式,而且超越了单一的后现代小说叙事,保持着浪漫主义一贯的内在激情优势,内涵更为丰富,审美更富有张力,这使得小说文本从晦暗中明朗起来,具有多元融合的特征。《红楼梦》的成功就在于它让这样一种矛盾状态的形而上的大观园与形而下的贾府形成现实关照,筑成了其独步天下的文字魔力。它将被当代称作后现代派的创作技巧与浪漫主义、写实主义的情节、主题和可读性融合在一起,是对后现代的超越和升华,体现了后现代之后的文学思潮流向。《红楼梦》对于爱与美的诗意呈现及其美学趣味的多样性,成功地构建了小说与中国文学、文化的历史语境之间的对话关系,为后现代主义小说颠覆之后的文学转向与重建提供了一个理想的范本。

Correlations between Hong Lou Meng and Foreign Literature:Concurrently on the Development of Post-Postmodernism Literary Trends

There has never been a new alternative framework of literary theory in the wake of the deconstruction of Postmodernism,and this has retarded the development of contemporary literature.The recovering and resuming of the meaning of literature to human emotion and spirit should,therefore,be preceded by reconstruction of the historical context for individual experience.The classical Chinese novel Hong Lou Meng not only boasts the typical narrative mode of Postmodern novels,such as the anticlimactic narration of death,the marginal and alienating aesthetics,and the language experiment,but also goes beyond the narrative style of purely Postmodern novels in that it preserves consistently the implicit enthusiasm that characterizes Romanticism,and that,being richer in content and more appealing aesthetically,it reveals its theme out of textual obscurity,thereby characterizing itself with a multiple and integral style.The success of the novel lies in its comparative perspective of the spiritual Grand View Garden and the material Jia Family.Acclaimed as a masterpiece that incorporates the writing techniques of Postmodernism in the plot,theme and readability of Romanticism and Realism,it has exceeded and transcended the Postmodern literature,therefore representing the post-Postmodernism literary trends.Its poetic representation of love and beauty and its diversified aesthetical tastes have proved successful in establishing the dialogic relations between Chinese novels and the historical context of Chinese literature and culture.This has offered an excellent sample to the turn and reconstruction of literature after Postmodern novels were dethroned.