Trade Liberalization And Women’s Integration Into National Labor Markets: A Cross-Country Analysis |
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Authors: | Lisa B Meyer |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Sociology, SUNY, 123 B Sturges Hall, Geneseo, USA |
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Abstract: | This paper examines the effects of trade liberalization and the risks associated with participation in the global trading
system on women’s integration into national labor markets. Using data from 1970 to 1995, I identify two global determinants
of the female share of national labor markets: trade openness and transnational corporate penetration. Several local predictors
of women’s labor force participation are also identified. While a cross-sectional analysis indicates that women have been
pulled into national labor markets as a result of neo-liberal economic reforms, more dynamic models show that these same forces
can also lead to a preference for male, rather than female labor. Moreover, the analyses specify that the effects of trade
openness and trade risk on female labor force participation are determined by position in the world-system and region. These
results illustrate that arguments about the relationship between globalization and the feminization of the labor force, are
too simplistic and neglect to account for the diverse consequences of global economic expansion on gender relations. |
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