执政论

执政就是通过所掌握的国家权力反映和调节不同群体利益的过程,是掌握这一领域(政治领域)的意思。执政必须具备某种性质才成其为执政,这种属性包含有合法性、权威性、公共性、公理性、政治性等。由于执政者直接面对的是社会和行政两个方面,因此,执政与社会的关系界限和执政与行政的关系界限以内,就是执政的范围。从政策过程的基本视角看,执政是决定“做什么”问题的过程(即决策或政策形成阶段),完善这一过程的体制无疑是民主体制;而行政是具体“怎么做”或“如何落实”执政方针的过程(即政策执行阶段),这一过程的完善主要依赖于政府官僚制。

On Governance

This paper mainly explores the meaning, nature and scope of the governance in general. The governance actually is the process of reflecting and regulating the different interest groups through the national power. The attribution of the governance means some must - have natures of the governance, and it has the legality, authoritativeness, publicity, rationality and politicization. The government directly faces the society and bureaucratic administration, and the boundary among them is the scope of the governance. From the viewpoint of policy -making process, the governance is the process of deciding what to do, and the system of improving the process undoubtedly is the democratic system. If the issue of how to do is solved during the process of governance, the system of perfecting this process clearly is the bureaucratic system.