略论辛亥革命时期的民粹主义心态

传统的民粹主义植根于小农经济的文化心态,因此,它不是中国的特产,起码在亚洲具有同源性。尽管它是以“俄罗斯问题”的形式表现出来的,但在中国与俄国具有语言表述上的相似性。中国近代的民粹主义心态,以孙中山和章太炎最具典型意义:一是通过民生主义表现出民粹心态的内在矛盾与紧张;一是以回归传统而显示出传统民粹心态对近代人物所具有的巨大的吸附力。从两种民粹心态的分析可以看到,20世纪初期社会主义和反资本主义思潮之间的微妙关系,尤其是民粹主义心态居中所起的重要作用。

The Psychological Condition of Elitism in Xinhai Revolution Time

Traditional elitism is rooted in the cultural and psychological condition of small-scale peasant economy.Hence it is not originated in China,at least in Asia it has the same origin.Although elitism appeared when talking about "Russian Issue",it was expressed in the same tone in China and in Russia.Chinese modern elitism is characterized by Sun Zhongshan and Zhang Taiyan:qne is symbolized by the principle of the People's Livelihood to express intra-contradiction and tenseness,another is symbolized by returning to its tradition to show traditional elitism's attractiveness to modern figures.From the analysis of the psychological condition it is shown that in the early20th century the relationship between the socialism and anti-capitalism trend of thought,especially the role of the psychological condition played in it.