曼海姆:社会重建时代的理性与非理性研究

曼海姆指出,现代西方社会危机根源于理性与非理性在社会发展中的失调,主要表现在:人类控制非理性能力发展的不均衡与分配的不平等;工业社会的功能理性导致实质理性的丧失;大众政治的非理性对现代民主的威胁;个人和社会处在一种“有组织的不安全”状态。曼海姆基于批判理性主义的立场,试图通过弘扬教育、实施民主、制定计划,来重建一种理性与情感协调的社会,以解决社会的危机。

Mannheim: Rationality and Irrationality of Social Rebuilding Era

Karl Mannheim pointed out that the root of modern crisis in Western society lay in the disorder of rationality and irrationality during social development.Major phenomena are displayed by the imbalance of development and inequality of distribution of man's control over irrational ability,the loss of substantial rationality aroused by functional rationality of industrial society,the threat of irrationality of masses politics upon modern democracy,and an "organized unsafe" state existing in individuals as well as in the whole society.In the view of critical rationalism,Mannheim attempted to rebuild a society with the harmony of rationality and emotion,by carrying out education,democracy and plan,so as to solve social crisis.