传教士、海难与跨文化接触：1583年海南岛飘风事件分析

1583年夏季,一艘载着一支天主教方济各会传教团体的帆船由马尼拉前往越南。在当地停留一段时间后,因为未能达到传教的目的而被迫返航。途中遭遇风暴,飘抵海南岛昌化县附近洋面。传教士上岸后被明朝兵丁捕获,幷被辗转押送各地,前后羁留在华南地区长达3个月之久,最后在9月中旬被遣返至澳门。借助记录这次飘风事件的数份西班牙文传教士资料,能够重建这段事件史,幷进而考察16世纪南中国海地区的传教航行、海难与跨文化接触之间的关系。

Missionaries, Shipwreck and Cross-cultural Contact:An Analytic Study of the Event of a Missionary Ship Being Aground off the Coast of Hainan Island in 1583

In May 1583,a ship carried a groups of Franciscan missionaries sailed from Manila to Vietnam.After staying about one month at the DaNang port,they were forced to return due to failing to be allowed to preach Christianity.On the return journey,the ship ran into hurricane and floated and ran aground off the coast of Changhua,Hainan Island.As soon as missionaries landed on a small beach,they were captured by local soldiers.Then they were escorted from one city to another,after under detention in southern China for about three months,finally they were sent back to Macau in mid-September.Based on personal account from some Franciscan missionaries,this article aims to reconstruct the history of this event.The author also wishes to make further discussion about the relationship between missionary ethnographic descriptions,shipwreck and cross-cultural contact.