基于大数据的公共管理决策模式演进与趋势

公共管理决策模式由以信息或数据为核心的六大要素组成。传统公共管理主要包括决策模式以渐进式决策模式。大数据的引进，使传统渐进式公共管理决策模式的各项要素都发生了重大变化，体现为：公共管理决策者由“幕后”走到台前且专业化程度大幅度提升；数据源由体量较小的结构化数据演变为复杂的大型非结构化数据；支持公共管理决策的工具和技术手段的高科技化；决策内容方案接收并处理反馈的速度上升。公共管理决策大数据模式与以往模式之间的关系是演进而非替代。基于大数据的公共管理决策的未来发展将具有以下趋势：公共管理决策主体的专业化与多元化；公共管理决策组织结构的扁平化；公共管理决策环境的量化与可预测化；公共管理决策方案的灵敏化与科学化；公共管理目标出色的前瞻性。

The Evolution and Trend of the Model of Public Administration Decision Based on Big Data

The model of public administration decision consists of six core elements of information or data.The traditional model of public administration decision is a kind of progressive model.With the introduction of big data，all the elements within the traditional progressive model of public administrative decision have undergone significant changes:the policy makers have become more apparent and professional;the small amount of structured data have turned into big,complex and unstructured data；the tools and technology supporting public decision-making have become more advanced;and the reception and feedback of the content of the decision have become more speedy.The relationship between the model of public administration decision based on big data and the former model is an evolution rather than an alternative.The model of public administration decision based on big data in the future will have the following trends:the specialization and diversification of the decision subject,the flattening of organizational structure,the quantification and prediction of environment,the sensitivity and signification of decision-making,and the outstanding forward-looking of public administration objectives.