政治哲学视域下少数人权利保护及其限度

“少数人”权利与“多数人”权利之间的关系是政治哲学需要解决的重要问题。少数人权利保障问题是现代民主政治倡导的“多数至上原则”所遭遇的现实困境,对少数人权利的保护不仅可以防止多数人暴政的发生,矫正“多数至上原则”,改进和完善民主制度,也有利于建立真正公平正义的社会,实现人的全面自由发展。但是少数人权利保护需要设定必要的限度,主要包括两个方面,一是最低限度,即保障少数人最基本的权利——生命安全和人格尊严,二是最高限度,即不损害多数人的正当权利,遵循具有普遍性意义的道德规范和法律法规。

Protection of Minority Rights and Its Limit from the Perspective of Political Philosophy

The relationship between minority rights and majority rights is an important issue that political philosophy needs to solve.The question of the protection of minority rights is the real dilemma of the majority principle advocated by modern democratic politics.The protection of minority rights can not only prevent the occurrence of the majority of tyranny,correct the majority principle,improve and perfect the democratic system,but is also conducive to the establishment of a truly fair and just society to achieve comprehensive and free development.However,necessary limit should be set for the protection of minority rights.It mainly includes two aspects,one is the minimum,that is,to protect the most basic rights of a few people - life safety and human dignity;the other is the maximum that does not damage the majority right,following the universal norms of ethics and laws and regulations.