格式塔生态理论:走向深层的生态批评

针对生态批评的迅猛发展,我们有必要从浅层生态批评走向深层生态批评,挪威著名哲学家阿恩.奈斯提出格式塔完型生态批评观,既看到生态系统内事物间整体层次、非外部、非扩展性、内在的关系,又强调让所有的生命都能得到最佳表现,其“瞬间经历”理论解释了当今许多的生态环境中地方保护的局限。

Gestalt ecocriticism: from shallow ecocriticism to deep ecocriticism

There is a need for ecocriticism to evolve from the shallow ecocriticism to the deep ecocriticism. Arne Naess,a Norwegian ecosopher,develops gestalt ontological ecocriticism, which acknowledges hierarchies of wholes and their non-external, non-extensional, internal relations. He also puts emphasis on maximizing the manifestations of all life. On the basis of this, the theory of spontaneous experience is introduced to serve the purpose of developing ecocriticism, which accounts for the limitations of regional protection of the eco-enviroment nowadays.