观念、限度与认识性装置——从“知识考古学”角度看现当代文学研究的范式转换

借助福柯的＂知识考古学＂,现代文学突破了＂从五四谈起＂的起源上限,拓展了学科时空领域,缓解了学科焦虑,超越左翼文学史观的局限,发现了现代文学的＂多种现代性＂,形成了众声喧哗的研究局面。＂十七年文学＂改变了情感化、政治化的简单视角,分析文学成规显形与隐形的规则,致力于还原历史情境,转变为两个时代的平等对话,获得了鲜明的文学史意识。＂重返八十年代＂解构了文学叙述成规,以历史的后见之明,展示流行概念和范畴的背景、条件和关系,探求文学制度再生产的历史性。福柯的＂知识考古学＂及＂谱系学＂方法的引入,使现当代文学研究实现了研究＂范式＂的转换。但是,＂知识考古学＂滑入犬儒主义与失去道德责任的危险,以及它在现实操作层面上的局限性,是我们运用＂知识考古学＂进行文学研究所必须警惕的。

Concept,Limit and the Device of Understanding

With the help of Foucault's knowledge archeology,modern literature has broken the upper limit of May 4th Movement as its origin,expanded the spatial and temporal scope of the discipline,relieved the disciplinary anxiety,expanded the limitations of the leftist outlook on literary history,discovered a variety of modernity,and formed various views.All this has resulted in the paradigm's transform of modern and contemporary literary study.However,the tendency of knowledge archaeology to become cynicism and to l...