土地改革与贫困缓解 —围绕再分配土地改革的一系列学术争议

21世纪初，Griffin等学者提出“再分配型土地改革”的观点，并以此为基点促使“新古典新民粹主义”理论视角得以盛行。文章将以有关土地改革的主要观点以及由新古典民粹主义到新古典新民粹主义的理论视角变化为线索，结合国家主导型土地改革、协商式土地改革（Negotiated Land Reform）、市场主导型土地改革、Byres关于新古典新民粹主义的批判以及Putzel的批判与总结等内容，对分配型土地改革相关的一系列学术争议进行综述和介绍。同时，结合中国的土地改革经验进一步阐释土地改革与贫困缓解之间的关系。

A Series of Academic Controversy Surrounding Redistributive Land Reforms

Since the revitalization of Keith Griffin＇s notion and illustration of ＂Redistributive Land Reforms＂ formulated by him together with some other scholars, this notion has been applied to be the fundament of the ＂Neo-Classical Neo- Populism＂ and promote this theoretical perspective to be prevalent in the beginning of 21th Century. Along the academic path of development from Neo-Classical Populism to Neo-Classical Neo-Populism, this paper has argued a series of academic controversy which are related to the redistributive land reforms combining with presentation on State-led Land Reform, Negotiated Land Reform, Market-led Agrarian Reform and the critical dispute from Byres and Putzel on Neo-Classical Neo-Populism. Synchronously, by using the land reforms＇ experiences from China, the relationship between land reforms and poverty alleviation is also argued in this paper.