鹰手三旗的后裔--对北京市喇叭沟门满族乡的调查与思考

在喇叭沟门满族乡及其附近地区,主要的满族成员均系随清朝入关并被编入内务府旗分的彭姓汉人。本文以对这一地区的几次田野调查为基础,结合清代官私文献与口述资料,稽考他们真实的来源与家世,探讨这样一个汉人群体是在什么样的社会与文化背景下,保持着认同于满族的心态,从而加深对八旗内汉军旗人身份认同复杂性的认识。调查发现,当地“满族文化”的“建构”有种种与史实难以契合之处。在改革开放的新时期,这种对文化资源的发掘与利用足以促使学者对民族史的现实意义进行深入的思考。

Descendants of a Manchu Banner: A Study of Some Manchu Communities in North of Beijing

In and around the Manchu Township of Labagoumen, which is located in north of Beijing, most Manchu inhabitants are actually the Han people with the surname of Peng. They can be traced back to their Han ancestors who came here with the Manchu troops in the early Qing Dynasty and were incorporated into the Banner of the Imperial Household Office. This paper examines the real origin and lineageof these inhabitants on basis of fieldwork, historical documents and oral history, with the focus on the socio-cultural background in which they have maintained their identity to the Manchu. The purpose is to have a deeper understanding of the complex identity of the Han membersin the Manchu "Eight Banners." It is found through the fieldwork that the local "construction"of the "Manchu culture"can hardly keep consistency with historical facts in quite a few aspects. Such a utilization of cultural resources urges researchers to have deeper reflections on the actual meaning of the ethno-history.