从实体到关系:个体主义和整体主义的困境与超越

社会学方法论个体主义和整体主义在本体论思维的束缚下把各自的个体、社会整体本体化、实体化,并因此导致了个人和社会、行动和结构、微观和宏观等的理论对立。彻底抛弃本体论预设、解构实体,从实体视角转向关系视角是克服上述二元对立的有效途径,布迪厄和吉登斯的努力体现了社会学方法论的这一转向。

From the Entity to the Relations:The Predicament and Transcending of the Two Opposite Methodologies

Restrained by ontology, individualism and collectivism, the two opposite methodologies of sociology, consider themselves respectively as the noumena and entity, thus resulting in the theoretical contradictions such as the contradiction of individual and society, the contradiction of action and structure, the contradiction of micro and macro. In order to overcome the contradiction, it is necessary to discard the predetermined ontology, deconstruct the entity, and shift from the entity to the relations.