西汉“太常郡”创置时间新探

关于太常郡产生之时间范围，周振鹤先生认为在景帝中元六年至武帝末年之间，孔祥军则认为当在汉初。文章通过对汉景帝初“二十四郡、十七诸侯”记载的分析，从而证实从汉初到汉景帝初诸郡中并不存在太常郡，并进一步将太常成郡的时间限定于景帝二年之后到武帝末年之间。太常掌郡的意义在于，太常以中央大员身份参与地方事务，从政治制度方面看，显示出中央与地方分权的不明确；从另一方面来说，也可以看作是景帝以来君主加强中央集权的产物。太常郡在元帝时废除，是对历史错误的纠正。

A New Exploration into the Setup Time of Taichang County in Han Dynasty

Concerning the setup time of Taichang County , Pro.Zhou Zhenhe holds the opinion that it was between 6th year of Emperor JING and the last phase of Emperor WU , while Pro.Kong Xiangjun believes that it was at the beginning of Han Dynasty .This paper is an attempt to prove that there was no such a county as Taichang County among all the counties from the beginning of Han Dynasty to the early years of Emperor JING through an analysis of the records about “twenty-four counties , seventeen Dukes” at the early stage of Em-peror JING, and put forward the proposition that the setup time for Taichang county was between the 2nd year of Emperor JING and the last few years of Emperor WU .The implication for a Taichang , a person who is in charge of fete and worship ceremony in ancient China , to administer a county lies in that Taichang , who repre-sented the Central government , interfered with the local affairs , which showed politically that decentralization of power was not well implemented , or put it another way , which was the result of Emperors strengthening their central power since Emperor JING .Taichang County was demolished in the years when Emperor YUAN was in the reign , which put the historical mistake right .