新农保实施背景下农村居民 养老支持力系统优化研究

政府、社会、家庭三位一体的农村居民养老支持力系统模式是缓解我国农村老人养老困境的必然选择。新农保的出台填补了政府缺位的状态，弥补了政府支持力的短板。然而，以新农保为主的政府支持力在高参保率的“泡沫”褪去之后产生了参保老人福利水平不升反降的“倒逼效应”，导致农村老人获得的来自政府的支持力水平大打折扣。其背后的机理在于新农保制度设计中关于集体经济是否参与养老支持的自愿机制设计和新农保缴费中家庭参与强制机制设计也即捆绑缴费制度。建立弹性的集体经济强制参与机制，壮大农村居民社会养老支持力；发展地方经济，壮大集体经济实力；给予家庭自愿机制下的政策经济支持，夯实家庭养老支持的基础和条件，充分发挥家庭在养老支持中的中流砥柱作用是我国政府应对当前农村老人养老问题的关键着力点；逐步做大财政直接支持的力度，真正起到兜底作用。

Construction on the Rural Insurance Support System in the View of Cooperative Benefit

The government,society,family “three-in-one”rural residents old-age support system model is the inevitable choice to ease the plight of the rural elderly pension of our country.The new agricultural insurance is introduced to fill the vacancy of the state government,to make up for the short board the government support force.However,in the new agricultural insurance dominated government support force in the Senate,after the insurance rate “bubble”the insured elderly welfare level does not rise,but falls instead,with the “reverse effect”,leading to the greatly reduced level of the rural elderly support force obtained from the government.The mechanism behind it is that the new agricultural insurance system design in the voluntary mechanism on the collective economy is to participate in the old-age support,and new ag-ricultural insurance payment of family participation mandatory mechanism design is also bundled payment system. Through the establishment of elastic collective economy mandatory participation mechanism,it strengthens the social old-age rural residents support force,the development of the local economy,the collective economy,gives family voluntarily under the mechanism of economic policy support,the foundation and condition of family pension support ramming.Full play to the role of mainstay family in old-age support is the key focus of our government in response to the current rural elderly pension problems,which gradually expands direct financial support,true to the transparency effect.