受教育水平与收入差距及相关影响因素

针对现实中受教育水平提高和收入差距扩大并存的现象,通过人力资本收入函数方差分析,考察受教育水平提高与收入差距变动之间的关系,并利用《中国统计年鉴2007》的数据,实证检验人口自然增长率和城镇登记失业率对收入差距扩大的影响程度。研究结果显示：受教育水平对收入差距变动趋势的影响是二次的,收入差距随受教育水平提高将经历扩大、减少到绝对减少的过程;人口自然增长率对收入差距扩大没有显著影响,而城镇登记失业率对收入差距扩大有显著影响。据此,建议在促进就业、扩大教育投资和打破行业垄断方面采取措施,以发挥受教育水平提高对缩小收入差距的作用。

Educational Achievements, Income Inequality and the Impact Factors

Addressing the issue of higher level of education but bigger gap of income,analysis of variance of human capital earnings is used to investigate the correlation between the advancement of education and income inequality.The data in China Statistical Yearbook,2007 are used to empirically examine the inequality affected by the natural growth rate and the registered urban unemployment rate.The study shows the following findings： education as an impact on income is quadratic,the income gap changes with the level of education through the process from widening to narrowing and to absolutely narrow;natural growth rate has no significant effect on the gap,while the registered urban unemployment rate remarkably impacts the disparities.Accordingly,it is proposed to promote employment,to increase educational investment and to break the trade monopoly so as to exert the function of education on the narrowing of income gap.