贵族制取代君主制与古希腊民主制的形成

古希腊国家初始时的政体是君主制,从个人权威的君主制发展到公民广泛参与国家管理的民主制,中间还经历了贵族集团的集体统治时期即贵族制阶段。在从君主制转向贵族制的过程中,民主的因素和民主的传统已经开始在古希腊各地萌生;同时,贵族制取代君主制,也建立了集体决策的制度,在阶级和等级社会的新条件下,破除了个人领导的旧制,这一点对整个民主制的进程来说,有着特殊的意义。因此我们把这一阶段视为古希腊民主制形成的前提和基础。

The Transition from Kingship to Aristocracy in Ancient Greece

The original government in ancient Greek city-states is kingship.When the city-states developed from the kingship to the democracy,the aristocracy which means the noblemen as a whole rule the state stood in the middle stage.In the process the kingship turned to the aristocracy,the democratic factors and traditions emerged in Greece.In the meanwhile,the aristocracy established collective leadership,destroyed the old system that a single person ruled the state.So the aristocracy was essential for the democracy emerged and developed in the Greek city-states.