市民社会背景下刑法与民法的冲突及其选择

刑民冲突是刑法与民法在同时调整相同的法律关系时,在两者之间产生矛盾的现象,它一般表现为两类形态,对于因同一法律事实涉及的法律关系的冲突,由于法律规定的模糊以及司法观念问题,在司法实践中不容易解决。由于市民社会社会契约、人权保障、自由的理念决定刑法应该从偏重社会保护转向对个人权利的保障,且在市民社会中,刑法发动的滞后性以及民事制裁和民事责任实现方式的惩罚性赔偿也具备惩罚与预防的功能,因此,在解决刑民冲突时应遵循"民事优先"的一般原则。在处理刑民冲突的具体案件时,还应当考虑被害人的意愿、社会公众的情感、社会形势等因素。

The conflict and choice between Criminal and Civil Laws on the background of civil society

The conflict between Criminal Law and Civil Law is a contradictory phenomena that happens when Criminal Law and Civil Law ajust the same legal nexus.The conflict often has two forms,as for the second form,it is not easy to be solved because of the blurred law rules and the judicial concept.The formation of civil society and its social contract、assurance of human rights、logos of freedom determine the Criminal Law to transfer its core protection from society to individual rights.Criminal Law in civil society has a hysteresis quality,and civil sanction which is a auxiliary penal measure of civil liability and vindictive damage which is a form of civil liabilities both have the function of punishment and prevention,thus,when we solve the conflicts between Criminal and Civil Laws,we should obey the principle of "civil matters has priority".When we solve the conflicts between Criminal and Civil Laws,we should also consider the factors such as the wishes of interested parties、pubilc sentiment and social circumstances.