知识产权人拒绝交易的反垄断法分析

知识产权人拥有合法的垄断地位,法律已授予其排他的制造、销售、使用权。在通常情况下,知识产权人的拒绝交易,并不与社会公共利益发生冲突,因此应当受到法律的尊重和保护。反垄断法也不能否定知识产权人有权基于该项知识产权获得的排他的商业利益,但是知识产权不是授予一项违反反垄断法的特权。在新经济时代,由于网络效应的广泛存在,某些领域的知识产权人的拒绝交易,尤其是存在互连、互通效应的行业,拥有核心知识产权人的拒绝交易,极有可能会妨碍、限制甚至消除竞争,进而损害社会公共利益,这时知识产权人的拒绝交易就构成了违法,应受到反垄断法的规制。

Antitrust Restriction against IPR Holder's Refusal-to-Deal

The intellectual property right(IPR)holder has a legally monopolistic position as laws grant him an exclusive right in manufacture,sale and use.Generally,the IPR holder's refusal-to-deal does not conflict with the social public interests,so it should enjoy the respect and protection of the law.Antitrust law cannot deny that IPR holder has the right to obtain the exclusive commercial interest on the basis of his intellectual property.However,intellectual property rights do not confer a privilege to violate the antitrust laws.In new economy era,due to the broad existence of network effects,core IPR holder's refusal-to-deal in some fields,especially in the crisscross and interlocking industries,may create an anti-competitive situation,and then damage social public interests.The refusal-to-deal may violate antitrust laws,which should be restricted by the antitrust laws.