极端主义在俄罗斯的滋生、构成及影响

在后冷战时代,宗教极端主义成为各国在非传统安全领域的重大挑战,其中伊斯兰极端主义的影响较大。伊斯兰教作为俄罗斯的传统宗教,在促进社会稳定、巩固家庭和精神道德价值观方面发挥着积极意义,但伊斯兰教政治化也助长了激进的一面。在转型期的俄罗斯,伴随着伊斯兰复兴思潮与运动的兴起,伊斯兰极端主义也得以滋生并迅速蔓延开来。俄罗斯的伊斯兰极端主义趁转型之初联邦中央政权式微而企图推动北高加索地区独立,建立所谓的“伊斯兰国家”,从而给俄罗斯国家及社会造成了巨大的创伤。在全球伊斯兰极端主义泛起的背景下,伊斯兰极端主义问题在俄罗斯一直存在,成为影响国家安全和社会稳定的重大隐患。

The Composition,Development and Growing Influence of Islamic Extremism in Russia

In the field of non-traditional security of the post-Cold War era,religious extremism has become a major challenge to all countries,among which Islamic extremism is of the greatest impact.As a traditional religion in Russia,Islam,highlighted by the rise of Islamic revivalism,has left a deep imprint in the Russian society during its transition period.With the decline of Russia's federal government,Islamic extremism came to foster growing influences and attempted to realize the independence in the North Caucasus as well as the establishment of the so-called“Islamic State”,which caused great trauma to the Russian state and society..In the context of the global Islamic extremism,the issue of Islamic extremism has always existed in Russia and has become a major hidden danger affecting national security and social stability.