休闲的延伸观点:可能性与挑战

休闲内涵在美国学术界已经存在了50年.虽然当代的休闲概念来自于现代工业时代,但其定义和内涵仍在不断延展.本文主要从休闲时间、娱乐活动、心理状态,空间地点和文化背景五个方面来阐述休闲的历史与发展.其中一些观点从女权主义的角度为读者提供了西方文化对休闲的诠释.同时,本文还讨论了休闲研究有关的可能性与挑战,以及休闲在21世纪的含义.

Expanding Views of Leisure: Possibilities and Challenges

Scholarship about the meanings of leisure has existed for over 50 years in the United States.Although the contemporary notion of leisure grew out of the modern industrial age,the definitions and meanings continue to expand.This paper addresses historical and evolutionary contexts of leisure from the author's perspective.Five categories of meanings are addressed including leisure as time,recreation/activity,state of mind,places and spaces,and cultural context.Some of the views are highlighted from a feminist perspective,which has provided additional insight into understanding Western leisure.Some of the possibilities and challenges associated with researching leisure and its meanings in the 21st century are described.