"不意于胡京复见汉威仪"——清代道光年间朝鲜使者对北京演戏的观察与想象

在清代朝鲜赴中国出使的使者留下的燕行文献中,常常可以看到有关乾隆、嘉庆、道光年间北京戏曲演出的记载。对于他们来说,从京城演剧不仅可以观察清朝政之得失,也可以想象中华的文化盛衰。在他们笔下关于宫廷、茶园和民间各种演剧的丰富记载中,我们不仅可以了解到清代尤其是道光年间京城戏曲演出的细节,更重要的是可以看到在异国使者的想象中,茶园演剧竟然成为在满清王朝保存汉族历史记忆和衣冠文明的重要途径。因此需要追问的是,这些朝鲜使者的观察和想象是否有道理?更需要讨论的历史问题是,第一,应当如何重新估价清帝国的民族与文化政策?第二,如何评价满清王朝在中国走向近代历史中的意义?第三,清代中叶北京市民、知识人、官员聚会与交往的场所,与欧洲近代所谓公共领域(Pub licSphere)有什么不同?为什么会不同?

Unexpectedly Encountering Han Dignity Again in Hu Capital:Korean Envoys' Observation and Imagination of Beijing Opera in Dao Guang Era of Qing Dynasty

In the travel diaries left by the Korean envoys,there were records of the opera shows in Beijing in Qian Long,Jia Qing and Dao Guang eras.For the envoys,these operas were important materials via which to observe the ups and downs of Qing culture,as well as the gains and losses of Chinese politics.From the prolific records of the court shows,folk shows and shows in the tea houses,we can learn the various details of the opera shows held in the capital in Qing Dynasty,especially at Dao Guang era.In the sympath...