宏观民族分析的微观基础:西方日常民族主义理论评述及补充

近年来兴起的日常民族主义理论已经在西方民族理论领域产生较大影响,并且正激发出两种不同路向的新思潮:日常次民族主义和日常超民族主义。日常民族主义理论的提出将原生主义开启的微观民族分析推进到一个更为规范化的分析阶段,其意义在于部分消解了宏观民族分析中内在的冲突性和爆炸性,同时也展示了一个以民族成员个体为中心的民族意义世界。该理论的困难主要集中在其缺乏对精英功能的考虑及对历史变迁的整合这两方面。笔者尝试引入西方社会学理论中的成果来克服这一困难。在美国社会学家柯林斯仪式互动链理论的启发下,笔者提出一个族内互动场的分析框架,以期从社会学的视角对西方的日常民族主义理论进行总结和概括,并对日常民族主义理论进行一些补充和发展。

Micro-Foundation of Macro-National Analysis:A Review on the Western Banal Nationalism Theory and Its Complement

In recent years,banal nationalism has already created relatively important influence in western national theory areas,and stimulated new thoughts of two different paths:banal sub-nationalism and banal supra-nationalism.The emergence of banal nationalism theory means that micro-national analysis launched by primordialism is promoted into a more normative analyzing period.The meaning of banal nationalism is that it partly lowers the conflict and explosivity embedded in macro-national analysis,and it shows a national meaning world around the individual as a national member.The difficulties of this theory are two points,namely,the lack of consideration of elite function and the lack of integration of historical changes.In this article,the author tries to introduce the knowledge of western sociology to overcome those difficulties of banal nationalism.Enlightened by Collins’s interaction ritual chains theory,the author puts forward an analysis framework of intra-national interaction field in order to summarize and generalize the western banal nationalism theory from the perspective of sociology;on the basis of it,tries to complement and develop the western banal nationalism theory.