苏联在社会和谐问题上的教训与启示

苏联在社会主义建设中存在一系列的不和谐问题。这些问题集中表现为人的发展的不和谐以及社会发展的不和谐。苏联模式的高度集权是产生不和谐问题的体制根源,偏离社会主义本质与核心价值目标的理论以及落后的发展观念是产生不和谐问题的认识根源。苏联历届领导人主要是通过两种方式协调社会矛盾,促进社会和谐：一是通过阶级斗争解决问题;二是通过改革促进社会和谐。但无论是阶级斗争的方式还是改革的方式都因未能根本解决苏联模式的体制性弊端,始终无法摆正人及社会的和谐发展与其他发展之间的位置而失败。反思苏联在社会和谐问题上的教训可为我国的和谐社会建设提供借鉴。

The Lessons and the Enlightenment of the Soviet Union on the Issue of Social Harmony

There are a number of disharmony of the Soviet Union in the socialist construction. The problem focused on the disharmony of human development and social development. The system source of the disharmony is the highly centralized model of the Soviet Union. The epistemology source of the disharmony is the deviation from the essence of socialism and the core values of the socialist. The leaders of the Soviet Union, mainly coordinated social conflicts through two ways in order to promote social harmony：the first is the class struggle, and the second is the reformation. But whether it is the way of the class struggle or the way of the reformation all failed to promote social harmony because of the shortcomings of the fundamental institutional of the Soviet mod- el and because of the wrong position between the human-social development and the other development. Reflect on the lessons of the Soviet Union about the issue of social harmony can provide historical reference for build- ing a harmonious society in China.