人类生存法则的反省与重建--也谈人类中心主义

不同时期的人类有不同的内在动机支配 ,从而使人与自然呈现出特定的整合关系。现实原则和功利目的原则支配下的传统人类中心主义 ,实质上是不同利益集团以各自利益为中心的狭隘观念。它带来环境与生态危机、资源与能源短缺、“南”“北”发展不平衡等全球性问题。但因此而要“走出人类中心主义”在本质上只是一种远离现实的空想。问题的关键在于建立全新的真正意义上的人类中心主义。这种新的人类中心主义是在对东方古代“天人合一”价值观、西方近代传统的人类中心主义以及现代环境伦理学加以扬弃、超越和整合的基础上形成的。它融精神价值于其中 ,是以整个人类的共同价值为终极关怀、力求与自然万物和谐共生、追求真善美统一的全新的价值观念。确立这种价值观念的过程乃是重建人类生存法则的漫长过程

Human Existence Law Reflected and Rebuilt and a Discussion of Anthropocentrism

Human's inner dynamic is different in different times coinciding the specific relationship of concordance between human and nature; (2) Based on the principles of reality and the aims of utilitarianism, the traditional anthropocentrism is in reality an idea for the interest groups which assume their respective group as the center to make profits for their own, they bring in a swarm of global problems such as ecologic crisis, resources and energy shortage, unbalance of development between the "south" and the "North" etc...(3) Yet the anthropocentrism is not thereupon to be quitted off, though it is but an idle dream, lost of contact with reality. It should be reflected and rebuilt. A new anthropocentrism would be three theories: an abstraction coming out from the ancient Chinese theory of " Tian Ren He Yi " (man is an integral part of nature), the traditional anthropocentrism of the modern West, and the contemporary environmental ethics based on sublation, concordancy and transcendency made against the above said three theories. An idea so do merge smoothly into the spiritual value with the common value of human being as the ultimate concern, striving for the harmony relationship between man and nature to embrace an integration giving form to the truth, the good, and the beautiful. Indeed, there is a long, long way we have to go.