试论北宋诗学批评中的“考索”

考索最初是一种研治经学的方法，然而由于《诗经》从经学向文学角色的转变，考索在这一领域的运用也就成为它在诗学领域中使用的滥觞。在宋以前，考索多用于对诗歌的注释与解说，基本不构成对诗歌的批评。到了北宋，这一方法逐渐被大量地运用在诗学批评上，以考察诗人及其才气品行、诗体的渊源演变、诗歌遣词造句的出处，以及用事的正误等方面，成为北宋诗学批评的一种重要方法，从而使中国文学批评的理性色彩大为增强。

On the Examining and Correcting Method of the Poetry Criticism in the Northern Song Dynasty

The examining and correcting method used to be applied to classic studies. As Shih King changed from the canonical text to literature, the examining and correcting method stepped into the field of poetry studies. Before the Northern Song dynasty, the examining and correcting method was often employed in annotation and interpretation of poetry instead of poetry criticism. In the Northern Song dynasty, the examin- ing and correcting method was widely used in poetry criticism. It is not only employed in exploring the per- sonal qualities of poets, the evolution of verse, and the origin of words and sentences, but also applied to e- valuating the use of allusion. And therefore, it became an important critical method at that time, making Chi- nese literary criticism even more academic and professional.