早期英汉词典所见之语言接触现象

研究语言接触是涉足中西文化交流的一个不可或缺的环节。发生在近代中国的中英语言接触，就书面材料来讲，字典的编纂要早于其它的形式。自１８２０至１９２０这一百年间，英汉字典（词典）版本的更新及各地新字典（词典）的出现，字典（词典）中所记词义的更换、增补、反复等现象，足以说明语言接触产生的新词及这些新词融入到汉语词汇的血液中是需要一个过程的。可以说，每一次翻译都是一次文化解说。因为这如何选择、如何定型的过程正体现了中西方思维的差异和碰撞。

The Phenomenon of Language Contact in the Early English -Chinese Dictionaries

The research on language contact is an obligatory approach to the study of Chinese-Western cultural communication. According to written records, such communication found its expression first in dictionary compilation. Between 1820 and 1920, the revision of English-Chinese dictionaries, the appearance of various new dictionaries and the replacement, supplement and changes of the definitions in dictionaries fully demonstrate that it took some time for new words to form in the cultural communica- tion and to find their way into Chinese. Therefore, every translation is a cultural explanation, for the selecting and shaping process is a reflection of the differences and friction between the Chinese and Western way of thinking.