基于结构方程的高速铁路安全影响因素相互关系分析

根据调查问卷数据，运用结构方程模型从“人-装备-环境-管理”的角度可以对影响高铁安全的因素以及各因素之间的相互作用进行分析。研究发现，“人、装备、环境、管理”各因素与高铁安全之间既存在直接关系，又存在间接关系。一方面，人、装备、环境、管理（安全监督除外）各因素会通过直接作用促进高铁的安全；另一方面装备、环境、管理中各因素会通过间接作用促进高铁安全。此外，“人、装备、环境、管理”各因素之间也存在相互作用，管理与环境因素会对人的因素产生正向影响，同时管理因素对装备和环境因素也会产生正向影响。

An Analysis on the Relationships between the High-speed Railway Safety Factors Based on the Structural Equation Model

This paper attempts to analyze the factors that affect the high-speed railway safety and to research the interactive relationships between these factors by using the investigation data and the structural equation model from the viewpoint of man-equipment-environment-management. It is found in the research that each element of the factors is directly and indirectly relevant to the safety of the high-speed railway. On the one hand, all these four factors （except for the safety supervision） will promote the high-speed railway safety through direct interaction. On the other, equipment, environment and management factors will promote the high-speed railway safety respectively through indirect interaction. Besides, there exist interactions between these four factors, which also have impact on high-speed railway safety. The management and environment factors have a positive impact on the human factor. The management factor has a positive impact on the equipment and environment factors.