人体词语语义范畴跨界探源

人体词语的语义能够跨越“人的肢体”语义范畴进入“抽象事物”、“思想感情”、“行为活动”、“空间方位”等语义范畴，源于存在主、客观两个方面的跨界基础：客观上的人物同类和主观上的求新。人物同类，使人和动物、植物、非生物间的跨界能够得以实现；主观求新，使语义从一个范畴跨界到另一个认知主体所想要表达的范畴时所使用的新鲜隐喻（包括新鲜转喻）的形式能够得到接受，新鲜隐喻约定俗成后成为规约隐喻进入语言体系。这一研究对探究词语语义演变具有一定价值，结合语义学相关理论以及认知规律，于网络流行词语发展迅速的今天，可引导建构高质量网络语言和规范现有网络流行语。

A Study on Semantic-Category Transfer of Body Terms

The meaning of body terms can transfer from the semantic category of "human limbs" to those of "Abstract objects","thought and emotion","behavior and activities","space and position",etc.This is due to two underlying reasons: one is the objective similarities shared by man and things;the other is man’s subjective instinct to pursue novelty.While the former enables the category transfer to realize among human beings,animals,plants and non-living things,the latter makes acceptable the creative metaphors(as well as new metonymies),which appear during the category transfer process and will join the language system as conventional metaphors once sanctioned by usage.With the guidance of related semantic theories and cognitive rules,the current study is of value for researches on lexical meaning evolution,construction of high-quality network language,and standardization of network catchwords.