在不确定性中寻求确定性——浅探媒体即兴口语表达的能力培养

即兴口语表达在广播电视中占有着越来越重要的地位和功能。就社会生活、播音主持工作乃至学习训练测试中种种不确定性因素而言，寻求确定性是媒体即兴口语表达的前提。媒体即兴口语表达范式包含各节目分类的宗旨、特点，分类中节目的原则、方法，以及具体的话语即时呈现三个层次。确定性只有建立在众多不确定性变数的基础上，善于根据传播目的、传播对象和传播环境的不同灵活应答，才能在即兴口语表达的一刹那间显示出表达者的才华，也才能裕如应对媒体当今和未来的实际传播需要。

Search for Certainty in Uncertainty: Brief Discussion on Cultivating Oral Improvisation Ability

Oral improvisation plays a greater role in radio and television. In terms of all kinds of uncertain factors in social life, broadcasting and hosting work, even in training and testing, searching for certainty is the precondition for oral improvisation. The patterns for improvisational oral expressions are divided into three levels, namely, the objectives and characteristics of program classification, its principles and methods, and the presentation of instant utterances. Speakers should base certainty on numerous uncertain variables, and be good at responding flexibly to purposes and objects in different contexts, then their talent will be shown at the very moment of oral improvisation, thus meet the needs of media for practical communication at present and in future.