管理理论构建的哲学反思

以哲学反思的方式凸显管理理论构建的本体意义,洞悉管理理论构建过程的内在规律,并了解可能存在的缺憾.通过对管理理论构建主体的哲学反思发现,管理理论的研究不仅应该从问题出发,而且应该以研究人员本身为起点;管理理论构建的双重研究客体使得管理学具备了人文社会科学与自然科学交叉的综合属性;通过对研究方法的哲学反思发现,管理研究人员的基本研究导向为利用"元范式"的分析方法,提倡"元问题"意识,从而为管理研究者提供一个批判性的交流平台.

Philosophical Reflections on the Construction of Management Theory

For the moment,researches related to both management and philosophy are mainly dealt with in three perspectives:philosophical analysis of the managerial hypothesis,philosophical significance of management case study and philosophical abstract of the management researching framework.Philosophical analysis of the managerial hypothesis tries to discuss the basic human nature guiding various managerial practices;while philosophical significance of management case study tends to focus on concrete managerial processes.In fact,the popular concept of "management philosophy" mainly carries the meaning of business philosophy.And thorough researches about the construction of management theory itself from the philosophical perspective are still very limited.Since it is not an easy job to refine the management researching process through philosophical analysis,this paper is only a superficial attempt toward this end.Taking research subject,object and methodology as three basic variables,this paper constructs a simple model about management theory building and tries to probe into the essence of management science.Through the philosophical reflection on the meta-issue of management theory building,we try to find out the laws of management theory building and put forward some problems in the researching process,thus to make it more perfect.Emphasis must be placed on the followings:the researching subject in the popular concept of "management philosophy" is "manager";while the object is "employee";and the specific thing that the former acts on the latter is the managerial techniques and the philosophy guiding specific managerial practices.In this paper,the research subject is the "observer" or "managerist";the object is "task" and "people".Here the concept of "people" includes both "manager" and "employee".And the medium connecting them is the research methods and the methodology issues on the philosophical level.Through philosophical reflections on the research object,we come to the conclusion that management research work should not only be problem-oriented but also take managerists themselves into account.Also,the double research objects make management science carry the synthetic attributes of both humanities and social science and natural science.Last but not the least important,through philosophical reflections on the research methods,a basic research direction is put forward,i.e.the analytical method of "meta-paradigm".We advocate that researchers should be aware of such meta-issues.Thus a communication platform can be built up for those with different research fields,culture backgrounds,experiences,philosophical ideas and even different ideologies.