论汉末士风的嬗变——从“婞直”到新人格的追求

东汉桓灵之际,党人力矫＂保身怀方＂的守节之风,在士人中掀起了一股＂婞直＂之风。但随着党锢之祸的到来,像陈寔这样的士人对＂婞直＂之风有所保留,主要据仁、德以理政、修身,想使废于上的风俗能在＂清于下＂中得到整肃。像郭林宗这样的士人则走向论道讲学与人伦识鉴,开清谈之风,让士林倾慕不已。像黄宪这样的士人则更加超脱,从坚持志操与学问中走向逃避,在独立自由的人格追求中渗进玄学新人格的因子。＂道性周全,无德而称＂的新人格成为士林之典范。

On evolution of academic atmosphere in the Late Han Dynasty：From ＂Calling a Spade a Spade＂ to the new personality advocated

The auther points out in this article that the Groupings strongly corrected ＂protecting oneself and devoting people＂ and set off ＂calling a spade a spade＂ in academic atmosphere of the scholars during Dong Han Dynasty under the rule of emperors Huan and Ning.As happened the Movement of Striking Groupings,the scholars such as Chen Ti who kept some ＂calling a spade a spade＂ atmosphere,in the hope that the custom that had been abolished by the rule could be renovated by the lower class.The scholars such as Guo Lingzong who was adored by the scholars opened the atmosphere of ＂Impractical Discussions＂,and turned to teaching and talking about Taoism,discovering and commenting on the scholars.The scholars,who trened to escape from reality as persisting in aspiration and interest such as Huang Xian,was more detached,and had the new element of personality of Xuan Xue by chasing the independence and freedom of personality.It was the new typical personality of the scholars that ＂a mediocre and evasive person was famous of unmorality.＂