公立高等教育筹资市场化：国际比较的观点

高等教育筹资市场化是指大学在市场经济条件下,依据市场经济运行的机制和规律,重构其筹资模式、运行机制和控制体系的过程。公立高等教育筹资市场化是当代国际高等教育筹资发展的基本趋势。从国际比较的观点出发,公立高等教育筹资市场化的主要表现形式有:国家拨款的市场化倾向,社会力量投资,高校创收、贷款、收取学费等。面对市场化的两难选择,国际高等教育筹资都遵循一个基本原则,那就是兼顾公平与效率以及公益与市场之间的合理平衡。

The Study of Marketing-tendency in Funding Public Universities

The marketing-tendency in funding public universities is a process through which universities rebuild the modes, the mechanisms and the systems of their funding according to the law and the mechanism of economic development. The marketing-tendency is the basic way of the international higher education funding nowadays. From the internationally comparative view, the market tendencies of public universities' funding are the following-the government funding with the tendency of market, the private funding, the universities' entrepreneurial income, the tuition from the graduates, the loan from the bank. Although these tendencies are popular in the world, there are still many problems. The universities often confront dilemmas such as the fairness and the efficiency, the public benefits and the markets. How to work out the dilemmas, the only way is to follow principles of maintaining the equilibrium between fairness and efficiency and between public benefits and the market.