论合同的成立效力与生效效力

传统合同理论认为,合同成立是事实判断,而非价值判断,合同的效力只有在合同生效后才能发生。《合同法》第8条和第44条否定和发展了这一理论,形成了新的合同效力理论,即合同的效力不是作为一个整体在合同生效之时一次全部赋予合同,而是分解为“成立效力”和“生效效力”两个部分,分别于合同依法成立之时和生效之时赋予合同。合同的生效效力主要表现为履行效力,合同的成立效力表现为实际履行以外的其他违约责任形式。

On the Establishing Force and Valid Force of Contracts

The traditional theory about contracts is that the contract establishment is a judgment a-bout fact, instead of value,and the contract force takes place only when it is valid. "The Contract Law", which amends the traditional theory, comes into the new theory: the contract force consists of the establishing force which takes place when the contract is established, and the valid force which takes place when the contract is valid. The valid force means the enforcement of the contract while the establishing force means the other duties except the enforcement.