《孔宅志》其书以及相关的历史问题——日本现藏孤本《孔宅志》发覆

清康熙帝亲笔为青浦县孔宅题写匾额、对联,引发孔宅的一时兴盛局面,当时由孙执笔纂成一部官修《孔宅志》。此书今仅存于日本,已为世上孤本。对照《四库全书总目》(存目)关于《孔宅志》的,可以展现清廷在相关历史问题上的态度变化,表明乾隆时期考据学兴盛的背景下,贯彻考据求实的学术精神与如何维护康熙帝形象、维护朝廷尊孔重儒形象之间发生的矛盾冲突,清廷采取暗中封杀康熙官修《孔宅志》的方式,以模糊康熙朝后期关于孔宅问题的历史详情。这种学术上否定孔宅“圣迹”地位,却毁掉一部颇具史料价值史书的做法,反映出清朝政治与学术之间的一种特殊的、扭曲的运行方式。

Record of Kongzhai and Related Historical Problems——The Rediscovery of the Only Existing Version of Record of Kongzhai in Japan

Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty inscribing the stele and couplet for Kongzhai of the County of Qingpu aroused the temporary boom of Kongzhai. At that time, SUN Hong compiled an official Record of Kongzhai. The book is in Japan and has become the only existing copy nowadays. Compared with the abstract of Record of Kongzhai recorded in Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu (only catalogue),the content of Record of Kongzhai can reflect the change of attitudes of Qing government concerning historical problems and indicate that the official Record of Kongzhai was once banned secretly under the reign of Qianlong due to the reason that the intention of keeping the image of Emperor Kangxi is conflicting with the intention of the court to respect Confucius and Confucianists. So the detailed historical background of Kongzhai is blurred. The negation of the status of Kongzhai is at the expense of a historic book. All these show the special torturing way of Qing government in the field of politics and learning.