印度制造业发展缓慢的制度原因剖析

与以制造业作为经济增长引擎的中国不同,印度制造业的发展始终保持缓慢低下的增长速度。本文从制度角度揭示了印度制造业发展缓慢的深层原因。笔者结合印度制度环境形成的历史背景与制度变迁的路径依赖,发现长期的混合经济和民主体制形成的僵化体制增加了印度制度变迁的难度。劳动力市场保护和许可证等一系列管制构成制造业把握开放机会的制度障碍,造成外资和贸易的不旺,进而无法促进制造业的发展。

Institutional Analysis of the Low Development of Manufacturing Industry in India

Compared with China,in which the manufacturing industry has been the engine of economic growth,India has kept a low growth in this industry.The article finds out the deep reason for the slow development of Indian manufacturing industry from the institutional perspective.Based on the historical background of the formation of institutional environment and the path dependence of institutional transformation,this article points out that the long-standing mixed economy and the rigid system resulting from the democratic system have made the institutional change more difficult in India.The protection of workforce and series of licensing have constructed the institutional obstacle,which has hindered the flows of FDI and trade and damaged the development of India's manufacturing industry.