亲子沟通中指令行为的语用选择

家长对孩子的指令行为是在亲子沟通中一种极为常见的交流形式。本文以耶夫.维索尔伦(Jef Verschueren)的语用顺应论为理论视角,结合3-6岁幼儿的亲子沟通状况问卷调查数据以及亲子对话的具体实例,分析指令行为中的语用选择现象。研究发现,家长在实施指令行为过程中存在着语用选择偏好,他们倾向于选择一种论证式的指令行为。在具体推理机制上,该类指令行为通过附加信息,以否定后件与条件强化两种方式,使释话人的认知语境得以扩展,进而强化说话人的交际意图,最终促进有效沟通。

The Pragmatic Choices in the Directive Actions in Parent-Child Communication

The directive actions towards children take place with high frequency in the parent-child communication.In the perspective of Verschueren’s adaption theory,combing with the questionnaire survey and specific instances of the parent-child communications among 3-6-year-old children,this paper analyzed the pragmatic choices in directive actions.The results show that parents prefer to choose a kind of argumentative directive action.With two ways of fuzzy modus tollens and conditional perfection,the action expands the cognitive context by adding information to strengthen the conversation intention and facilitate the effective conversation.