再论数据的法律属性——兼评《民法典》第127条规定

通过对《民法典》中同质对象的比较分析，结合对隐私、个人信息等规范对象的逻辑位序梳理，认为法律所明确保护的数据并不包括数据化的人格要素，而是指向一种经过相关主体的劳动、客观存在的无形财产。数据独立于其载体，具有财产特性，应适用于相应的财产保护范式。但数据不是物，并不符合所有权客体的特质，难以体现所有权的追及力和权能分离，无法满足所有权保护规则和条件要求。数据也不是既有知识产权法意义上的知识财产，其外延大于知识财产，但与知识产权客体的条件要求相契合，与知识产权价值目标趋同，具有可知识产权性，可以成为知识产权客体，并暂以单独立法形式予以规范。

Re-exploration of Legal Attribute of Data:Comment on Article 127 of the Civil Code

Based on a comparative analysis of homogeneous objects stipulated in the Civil Code and a logical ordering of normative objects such as privacy and personal information, it is considered that the data explicitly protected by the law does not include data-based personality elements, and it refers to an intangible property that exists objectively through the labor of the relevant subject. Data is independent of its carrier and has property characteristics. It should be applicable to the corresponding property protection paradigm. But data is not a physical entity. It does not meet the characteristics of the object of ownership. It is difficult for data to reflect the ownership and separation of power and meet the requirements of rules and conditions of ownership protection. Data isn''t intellectual property in the sense of existing intellectual property law. Its extension is greater than intellectual property, but it meets the requirements of intellectual property objects and converges with intellectual property value goals. With intellectual property, data can be an intellectual property object which can be temporarily regulated in the form of separate legislation.