英国劳动安全与健康立法的历史演进

英国的劳动安全与健康立法已有200多年的历史,可以将其分为两个阶段。1974年的《劳动健 康与安全法》制订以前为第一阶段,1974年到2000年为第二阶段。随着社会的发展,第一阶段的劳动安全立 法有许多不足,已不能适应情势的变化。1972年罗本斯委员会提出要对法律进行修改,1974年在此基础上制 订了《劳动健康与安全法》,这部法律标志着一个新时代的开始。本文介绍了各阶段的社会背景及法律制订的 有关内容,并在此基础上对英国是否已经进入了劳动安全与健康立法的第三阶段进行探讨。

The Evolution of Occupational Health and Safety Legislation in Britain

Britain has had occupational health and safety legislation for about two hundred years. The leg-islative history hitherto has been divided into two phases: the period before the enactment of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and the period from 1974 up till the new Millennium. There were so many disad-vantages of legislation in the first phase that it was very difficult to keep up with the rapid development of the society. In 1972, the Robens Committee formulated that there was a need for change in the regulatory system. And then the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 which largely reflected the Robens Report was enacted. This article introduces the social environment and the content of the regulation during the two phases. And it also opens a debate as to whether the British regulatory regime is entering a third phase.