东北青铜时代的发展进程及特点

东北大约在公元前 2 0 0 0年前后进入青铜时代 ,结束的时限大体随燕文化的到来及秦汉势力的扩展而逐步衰落 ,跨越了近二千年。通过对青铜器铸造工艺、技术水平和生产规模的衡量 ,可将东北青铜时代划分为夏至早商、商末周初、西周中至春秋和战国四个阶段。东北青铜时代的发展进程具有五个特点 :1 .东北进入青铜时代的时间并不比中原晚 ,但整体水平不高 ,从铸造技术和对社会上层建筑的影响力而言 ,尚属欠发达的青铜文明。 2 .存在着区域间文化发展的不平衡现象。 3 .在大部分时间内 ,显示出文化发展阶段的同步性。 4.东北青铜文化既有统一性 ,又有多样性 ,其形成机制和发展进程表明 ,它是一个独立的运行体系。 5 .东北青铜文化分布的基本格局已具有了民族文化区的雏形。

The Process of Development and Characteristics of Bronze Age of Northeast China

The area of Northeast China came into the Bronze Age about 2000 B.C. and ended in Qin and Han Dynasty. The Bronze Age of Northeast China can be divided into four stages: the first stage is from Xia to early Shang; the second from late Shang to early Zhou; the third from middle West Zhou to Spring Autumn Period; and the forth is Warring States Period. According to the process of Bronze Age of Northeast China, we can find the following characteristics: first, the cultures of Bronze Age of Northeast China are still undeveloped; secondly, the cultures consist of unbalanced development between different regions; thirdly, the cultures reflect synchronism of different developing stages; fourthly,the cultures of Bronze Age attributes to an independently functional system; fifthly, the basic pattern of the distribution of cultures of Bronze Age of Northeast China has possessed the embryonic form of the national regions of cultures.