比较视野中的当代英美生态批评

20世纪90年代兴起的英美生态批评是西方环境危机时代背景下产生的一种文学研究流派。美国文学研究领域的学者首先将环境关注与生态思考溶入到文学研究,并以"生态批评"命名这种文学批评方法。随后由于相似的时代背景加上美国生态批评的启发,英国学者也开始在文学研究领域探索生态批评。他们都意识到生态思考对文学研究乃至人类文化的重要意义,共同探索一种蕴含生态关注的文学批评方法。而英美各自的自然风貌与文化特性又使两国的生态批评呈现出不同的理论研究倾向,二者在共同的时代背景与生态批评总旨下,从不同角度进行生态批评理论探索与研究,形成各具特点的当代生态批评理论。

British and American Ecocriticism in a Comparative Vision

British and American ecocriticism arised in the same environmental crisis background in the mid-20th century which the western industrialized society was confronted. American literary scholars firstly introduced ecological perspective into literary studies and coined the term "ecocriticism" to name the their experiment. Meanwhile, with similar background and the inspiration of American ecocriticism, British scholars began their ecocritical research. They all realize the significance of ecological consideration to literary field and ecosphere. They work together to a shool of eco-oriented literary criticism. The two countries' ecocritical research, however, with their own landscape and theoretical traditions show different theoretical interest. In another way, though in the same historical backgroud and with common ecocritcal goal, they have their ecocritical research from different viewpoints and form their own respective theoretical orientation.