气候变化背景下的知识产权国际保护之争

在气候变化与知识产权的问题上，厄瓜多尔等发展中国家在2013年6月至2014年10月的TRIPS理事会议中阐述了修订TRIPS协议的意见以求能够最大限度地获取无害环境技术及其产品，但美国等发达国家坚决拒绝修正TRIPS协议，认为非知识产权因素是妨碍发展中国家应对气候变化的主要原因。双方产生分歧的原因不仅在于对各自国家利益的诉求，也在于TRIPS协议和无害环境技术自身因素。考虑到人权保护的需要和当前处于知识积累阶段的现状，应当以技术转让重于技术创新的方式适应和减缓气候变化，修订TRIPS协议以帮助发展中国家获取无害环境技术及其产品。

The Dispute over International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Context of Climate Change: Take TRIPS Agreement for Example

With regard to climate change and intellectual property rights, Ecuador and other developing countries set forth the opinions on amending TRIPS agreement in the council sessions of TRIPS from June 2013 to October 2014 in order to acquire environmentally sound technologies and their products to the utmost. But US and other developed countries firmly refuse to do so and regard external factors outside of the IP realm as the major cause which is an obstacle to tackling climate change for the developing countries. The divergence lies in the appeal of their national interest, TRIPS agreement itself and environmentally sound technologies themselves. In view of the needs of protecting human rights and the current situation of knowledge accumulation phase, the paper holds that it is important to place more emphasis on technology transfer than on technology innovation to slow down climate change and to amend TRIPS agreement to help the developing countries to get environmentally sound technologies and their products.