从考古资料看青藏高原史前制陶业的发展历程

考古资料表明青海民和阳洼坡、乐都柳湾、同德宗日，西藏昌都卡若、拉萨曲贡等地均有陶器出土，分别隶属于仰韶、马家窑、齐家、卡若、卡约、辛店等考古文化谱系。青藏高原是我国史前制陶业较为发达的地区之一，河湟地区的彩陶文化更是享誉中外。青藏高原史前制陶工艺起初多用泥条盘筑法，小型器为手捏而成，大约距今4 000年左右，出现慢轮修整技术。随着青铜冶炼技术的出现、推广及游牧业的兴起，大约距今3 500年左右，青藏高原彩陶制作技艺开始衰落。青藏高原不同考古文化类型陶器各具特色，同时也体现出前后继承、交叉影响的特点。

The Progress of Prehistoric Pottery Production in the Tibetan Plateau from Archaeological Data

The archaeological datas indicate that a lot of potteries have been unearthed at Yangwapo in Minhe, Liuwan in Ledu, Zongri in Tongde, Qinghai province and Karuo in Changdu, Qugong in Lasa, Xizang province, and belonged to the Yangshao, Majiayao, Qijia, Karo, Cayo and Xindian archaeological culture pedigrees. These show the Tibetan Plateau is one of the developed area about prehistoric production process of pottery in China. The painted pottery culture of Hehuang area is well known both at home and abroad. In the beginning, the prehistoric production process of pottery in the Tibetan Plateau used the way of clay-strip building method. Small potteries were done by hands. A slow wheel dressing technology appeared about 4000 years ago which made the production process of pottery have a rapid development. With the rise of bronze smelting technology, promotion and nomadic pastoralism, about 3500 years ago, the Tibet Plateau pottery production skills began to decline. Different archaeological cultures in the Tibet Plateau have different characteristics, but also reflect the characteristics of inheritance and cross influence.